1.1 This specification covers factory-made plastic-lined ferrous metal pipe, fittings, and flanges primarily intended for conveying corrosive fluids. Requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, design, fabrication, working pressure and temperatures, test methods, qualification requirements and markings are included.

1.1.1 This specification does not define the suitability of different liner materials to various chemical and operating environment. Refer to the manufacturer's chemical resistance data for suitable recommendations.

1.2 This specification covers plastic-lined pipe, flanges, and fittings as listed in the table . Pressure limitations shall be those estabhished by the manufacturer, considering both pressure and temperature limitations of the ferrous metal housings and sealing ability of the liner at flanged joints.

1.3 The plastic-lined falnged pipe and fitting assemblies are limited to temperatures. End users should consult with manufacturers as to be likely result of using a particular lined piping component at temperatures below the rated minimum.

1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.

Material	ANSI Class	Nominal Pipe
Perfluoro (Alkoxyalkane)	150/300	½ to 12 (13to305)
Copolymer (PFA)
Perfluoro (Ethylene-Propylene)	150/300	1to12(25to305)
Copolymer(FEP)
Poly (vinylidene chloride) (PVDC)	125/150/300	1to8(25to203)
Poly(Vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)	150/300	1to10(25to254)
Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)	150/300	1/2to24(13to610)
Propylene and Polypropylene(PP)	125/150/300	1/2to16(13to406)

Material	Temperature Range
Perfluoro(Alkoxyalkane)Copolymer (PFA)	-20to500(-29to260)
Perfluoro(Ethyene- Propylene) Copolymer(FEP)	-20to300(-29to149)
Poly (Vinylidene Chloride)(PVDC)	0to175(-18to79)
Poly (VinylideneFluoride) (PVDF)	0to275(-18to135)
Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)	-20to500(-29to260)
Propylene and Polypropylene(pp)	0to225(-18to107)

* Storage or handling below 200F (-70C ) of uninstalled 4,6, and 8 in component should be avoided.

A 48 Specification of Gray Iron castings.
A53 Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated Welded and Seamless.
A105 Specification for Forgings, carbon Steel, for Piping components.
A106 Specification for Seamless carbon Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service.
A126 Specification for Gray Iron castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe Fittings.
A135 Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe.
A 181/A 182 M Specification for Forgings, Carbon Steel for General purpose Piping.
A 182 /A 182 M Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings and Valves and Parts for High Temperature Service.
A 216/A 216 M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High temperature service.
A 234/A 234 M Specification for Piping Fittings for Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and Elevated Temperatures.
A 278 Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Pressure Conatining Parts for temperature upto 650 deg F2.
A 312/A 312 M Specification for seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes.
A351/A 351 M Specification for castings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) for Pressure-Conatining Parts.
A 395 Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures.
A 403/A 403 M Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings.

Lining Material - Resin Type	Standard Resin Specification	Allowable Resin Classification	Standard Liner Color	Maximum Filler Material (by weight)
Polypropylence(pp)	ASTM D 4101	Type I and II	Orange	< 30 % glass fiber
Poly (Vinylidene Chloride) (PVDC)	ASTM D 729		Gray	< 20 % glass fiber
Poly (VinylideneFluoride) (PVDF)	ASTM D3222		Black
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)	ASTM D1457		White
	ASTM D4894
	ASTM D4895
Perfluoro(Ethyene- Propylene) Copolymer(FEP)	ASTM D2116	Type III	Green
Perfluoro(Ethyene- Propylene) Copolymer(FEP)	ASTM D2116	Type III	Green
Perfluoro(Alkoxyalkane)Copolymer (PFA)	ASTM D3307	Type II	Natural

A 513 Specification for Electric Resistance Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing.
A 536 Specification for Ductile Iron Castings.
A 587 Specification for Electric Resistance Welded Low carbon steel pipe for the Chemical Industry.
D729 Specification for Vinylidene Chloride Molding Compounds.
D792 Test Methods for Specific Gravity (Relative Density) and Density of Plastic by Displacement.
D1457 Specification for PTFE Molding and Extrusion Materials.
D1505 Test methods for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique.
D 1600 Terminology for Abbriviated Terms Relating to Plastics.
D 2116 Specification for FEP- Fluorocarbon Molding and Extrusion Materials.
D 2146 Specification for Propylene Plastic Molding and Extrusion Materials.
D 3222 Specification for Unmodified Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF) Molding, Extrusion, and Coating Materials.
D3307 Specification for PFA- Florocarbon Molding and Extrusion Materials.
D4101 Specification for Propylene plastic injection and Extrusion Materials.
D4894 Specification for Polytertrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials.
D4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Resins produced from Dispersion.
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
2.2 ANSI / ASME STANDARDS

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Lining Material - Resin Type	Minimum Tensile Strength at Yield.psi (Mpa)	Minimum Elongation at Yield, %
Polypropylence(pp)Type I	4000(27.6)	10
Polypropylence(pp) Type II	3000(20.7)	10
Polypropylence(pp)30%glass filled	2500(17.3)	2
Poly (Vinylidene Chloride) (PVDC)	1500(10.3)	2
Poly (VinylideneFluoride) (PVDF)	5000(34.5)	8
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)	3000(20.7)	250
Perfluoro(Ethyene- Propylene)Copolymer(FEP)	3000(20.7)	250
Perfluoro(Alkoxyalkane)Copolymer(PFA)	3800(26.2)	300

B 16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges Flanged Fittings.
B 16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings.
B 16.9 Factory- made Wrought Steel Butt Welding Fittings.
B 16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
2.3 MANUFACTURERS STANDARDIXATION SOCIETY (MSS) STANDARDS.
MSS SP-43 Wrought Stainless Steel Butt-Welding Fittings.
3. TERMINOLOGY
The defination used are in accordance with Terminologies F 412 and D 1600, unless otherwise indicated.
4. MATERIALS
Lining Materials - The lining shall be made from a resin conforming to one of the requirements.
Mechanical Properties - The minimum tensile strength and minimum elongation at yield when tested in accordance with the specifications outlined .
Specific Gravity - Specific gravity for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resins, when tested in accordance with Test Methods D 792 or D 1505.

Lining Material	Pipe Specification	Flange Specification	Fitting Specification
PVDF, PTFE, FEP, and PFA	A 53	A 105	A 105
	A 106	A 181	A 181
	A 135	A 182	A 182
	A 312	A 216	A 216
	A 513	A 395	A 234
	A 587	A 536 60-40-18	A 351
			A 395
			A 403
			A 536 60-40-18
PP and PDVC	A 53	A 105	A 48
	A 106	A 181	A 105
	A 106	A 181	A 105
	A 135	A 182	A 126
	A 312	A 216	A 181
	A 513	A 395	A 182
	A 587	A 536 (60-40-18)	A 216
			A 234
			A 278
			A 351
			A 395
			A 403
			A 536 (60-40-18)

FERROUS PIPE AND FITTINGS

Mechanical Properties - The Mechanical Properties of the pipe and fittings shall conform to the appropriate specifications listed in the table, except as they are influenced by accepted methods of processing in the industry . The carbon steel pipe and wrought fittings shall be welded or seamless steel, Schedule 40 or 80 except schedule 30 pipe may be used in 8, 10 or 12 - in nominal sizes 12 in and larger.

Finish - The interior surfaces of all housings shall be clean and free of mold burrs, rust, scale or other protrusions, which may adversely affect the integrity or performance of the lining.

General - All pipe and fitting end connections shall be manufactured to provide minimum 1/8 - in radius or chamfer in the transition from pipe wall to flange or lap face. This radius or chamfer is required to reduce stress concentrations in the plastic liner as it is flared or molded over the flange face or stub end. For PTFE- lined pipe and fittings a 1/8 inch minimum radiud must be provided. A perforated metal collar which seats over the flange chamfer may be used to provide this required radius.

Dimensional - Flanges and fittings used for plastic lined pipe shall conform dimensionally to the industry ferrous flange and fitting dimensional standards.

Size in	Liner Material
	PTFE	PVDF	PP	PFA	FEP	PVDC
1	0.120(3.05)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
1 1/2	0.120(3.05)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
2	0.120(3.05)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
2 1\2	0.120(3.05)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
3	0.120(3.05)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
4	0.120(3.05)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
6	0.120(3.05)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
8	0.120(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
10	0.120(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
12	0.120(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
14	0.120(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
16	0.120(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
18	0.120(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
20	0.120(3.81)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)
24	0.120(3.81)	0.100(2.54)	0.125(3.18)	0.100(2.54)	0.100(2.54)	0.094(2.39)

Requirement:

Housing - Housing installation dimensions are as required in the applicable material specifiation . Plastic Wall Thickness - Pipe and fittings liners shall have a minimum wall thickness and face thickness. Lining Flare Diameter - The outer diameter of the flare covering the gasket portion of the flange or the full face of the lap-joint stub end shall not be less than the diameter . The flared portion of the lining shall be concentric with the flared portion of the pipe within 1/16 in.

Tolerance - Bolt holes in both the flanges on a fixed flange spool shall straddle the same center line to facilitate alignment. Finished lined (plastic flare to plastic flare) fabricated fittings shall conform to the nominal center to face dimensions as specified with the applicable tolerance.

Flange Construction - Threaded flanges shall be secured in position to prevent in advertent turning of the flange.

Socket type flanges, except threaded shall be fully back welded to the pipe housing and the inside surfaces of the socket flanges shall be ground smooth.

Nominal Pipe Size, in

Minimum flare Diameter, in (mm)

Tolerance for pipe, Flanges, and Fittings, in.(mm)

Pipe Length

+- 1/8 (+-3.2)

Slip-on flanges shall be fully back welded.

Modified slip-on flanges are used as lap-joint flanges may be used with flared laps formed by flaring the pipe. The backing flange for the flared metallic lap shall have a 1/8 in corner radius at the bore to provide clearance for the fillet of the flared lap. The outside diameter of the flared lap shall be in accordance with the dimension if an ANSi B 16.9 lap-joint stub end.

Lap-joint flanged ends may be manufactured by standard forming techniques or by using fully welded Type A MSS SP-43 or ANSI B 16.9 lap-joint stub ends shall have a radius to provide a smooth transition for the plastic flare. Only lap joint flanges in accordance with ANSI B 16.42 and B 16.5 shall ne used.

Venting - Each pipe and fitting shall be provided with a venting system that will release any pressure between the liner and the housing. Workmanship - Pipe and fitting shall show no evidence of pinholes, porosity, or cracks when inspected. The linings shall fit snugly inside the pipe and fitting housings. Any bulges or other obvious indications of poor contact with the housing shall be the cause for rejection.

The gasket seating surface of the lining shall be free of surface defects that could impair sealing effectiveness. Scratches, dents, nicks or tool marks on the seating surface shall not be deeper than 10% of the face thickness.

Performance - Lined pipe and fittings must be capable of meeting the qualification requirements specified.

Each spool and fitting , prior to shipment, shall be hydrostatically or electrostatically tested in accordance with section 7 and shall subsequently be visually inspected to verify conformance to the requirements.

TEST METHODS

High Temperature test - Cycle representative production samples of lined pipe and fittings in an oven from room temperature to the test temperatures of the liner type to determine the ability of the lined components to withstand heat aging and temperature cycling. Test a minimum of two pipe spools, and 90 deg elbows in each size.

Procedure -

Install companion flanges at the manufacturers recommended torque value. And affix a thermocouple in the ferrous housing to measure the temperature Pipe spools shall be atlease 3 ft long. After 3 h in the oven at the test temperature as indicated by the theromcouple , air cool the lined component to 122 deg F maximum. Repeat this test for a total of 3 cycles.

Inspection - Inspect lined pipe and fittings after each cycle for distortion or cracks in the lining. After the completion of the third cycle , subject tested specimens to the hydrastatic or elctrostatic test.

Low - Temperature Test - After the high temperature test subject the same parts to a cool test at minimum of 48h. New parts may also be used.

Procedure

Install components flanges at the manufacturers recommended torque valve and fix a therocouple to the ferrous housing to measure the temperature. Pipe Spools shall be at least 3 ft long. After 48 h at or below 0 deg as indicated by the therocouple, allow the parts to warm to minimum of 60 deg F.

Inspection - Inspect lined pipe and fittings for distortion or cracks in the lining. Subject tested specimens in the hydrostatic or electrostatic test .

Steam Cold-Water Cycling Test - Subject representative production samples of lined pipe and fittings to steam-cold water cycling to determine the ability of the lined components to withstand rapid temperature changes. Test a minimumof two pipe spools, tees and 90 deg elbows in each size.

Procedure - Assemble lined pipe and fittings with suitable flanges having provision for the introduction of steam air, cold water and for drainage. Install the flange using the mnaufacturers recommended torque value. Pipe spool length shall be 10 ft (3 m) minimum. Mount the sample in such a manner as to permit complete drainage and venting. Then subject the sample to 100 consecutive steam cold- water cycles, each consisting of the following in the sequence given.

Circulate gage saturated steam at the pressure listed through the sample until the ferrous housing skin temperature adjacent to the flange at the outlet end of the sample has not changed more than 5 deg F (3 deg C) in 10 mins.Close off the steam.

Circulate water at a maximum temperature of 77 deg F. Circulate the cooling water until the ferrous housing skin temperature adjacent to the flange at the outlet end of the sample measures 122 deg F (50 deg C) or lower.

Vent and introduce air to purge the sample for a minimum of 1 min making certain that it is completely drained of water.

PVDC	PP	PVDF	FEP	PTFE	PFA
	4+1	30+2	50+1	125+5	125+5
	28+7	207+15	300+20	862+35	862+35

Inspection - There shall be no evidence of leakage from the venting systems or from behind the plastic faces during the 100 cycles. At the completion of the test, the liner shall exhibit no buckling or cracking. On PFA, PTFE and FEP, formation of water blisters shall not be cause for rejection.

Subject the lined pipes or fittings to either the hydrostatic test or after drying to the electrodstatic test. Vacuum Testing Test represenative samples of lined pipe and fittings to determine the vacuum ratings of the lined components. Test a minimum of two pipe spools, tees and 90 deg elbows in each size. Conduct tests at room temperature, at the manufacturers maximum recommended service temperatures, and at one intermediate temperature level. Full vacuum is defined as 29.6 in Hg corrected to sea level.

Procedure -

For pipe spools, specimen lengths shall be atleast 10 pipe diameters. Install a flange incorporating a sight glass at one end and a flange suitable for drawing a vacuum at the other end. Affix a thermocouple to the ferrous housing to measure the temperature. Heat the specimens uniformly externally with the sight glass end visible. Begin the test after the desired ferrous housing temperature has been reached. Hold a selected initial vacuum level for 8 h and if no failure occurs, increase the vacuum by 5 in. Hg. Repeat this every 8 h until failure or full vacuum is reached. Failure is defined as any buckling or collapse of the liner. If failure occurs at the initial vacuum level selected, test a new test specimen at a lowervacuum level to determine the failure threshold. The vacuum failure threshold is defined as 1 in Hg below that at which failure occurs.

The vacuum rating shall be 80% of the failure threshold value.

At the test completion and after estabhishing the vacuum ratings, place a duplicate specimen in an oven at the test temperature, Apply the rated vacuum to the specimen after the desired skin temperature has been reached. Achieve the rated vacuum within 2 min and apply continuously for 48 h. If no liner buckling or collapse occurs, the rated vacuum shall be considered acceptable.

Retest

When a test specimen fails to meet the requirements or correct the cause of the failure and repeat the specified test.

7. INSPECTION TESTS

Hydraulic Pressure test - The internal test pressure shall be 250 psi (1.7 MPa) minimum for class 125 (0.9 - MPa) components and 425 psi (2.9 MPa) minimum for class 150 (1.0 - MPa) and class 300 (2.1 - MPa) components. Conduct the test at ambient temperature. Completely fill the pipe and fitting with clean water and bleed the system free of all air prior to the application of pressure. Reach full test pressure within 1 min and maintain for a further 3 min. Observe the pressure gauge throughout the test for any evidence of leakage, which shall be cause for rejection.

8. Finish

The outside surface of all lined pipe and fittings, other than stainless steel, shall be coated with a corrosion-resistant primer over a properly prepared surface.

9. Marking

Quality Assurance - When the product is marked with this ASTM designation, it affirms that the product was manufactured, inspected, sampled and tested in accordance with this specification and has been found to meet the requirements of this specification.

Quality of Marking - The markings shall be applied to the pipe in such a manner that it remains legible after installation and inspection have been completed.

The pipe and fittings shall be marked with the following information:

1. Normal pipe size
2. Liner material identification
3. Manufacturer’s name (or trademark)
4. Length (on pipe only), and
5. ASTM designation.